OTA_project_Methodology_EN

30 Figure2: Sketch - Tower of Hanoi Source: own Based on Newel and Simon’s characterization of problem solving, the main term in problem solving is PROBLEM SPACE, the space where the problem solver is gathering solutions. A problem space has an initial state, a goal state, and a set of operators that can be applied and will move the solver from one state to another (Anderson, 1993). People often use heuristics for searching problem spaces. (Dunbar, 1998). Heuristics are methods for solving problems based on the previous experiences in order to solve problems as quickly as possible in the way that is still acceptable but not necessarily optimal. However, modern authors’ opinions are that heuristic’s solutions are good enough and furthermore, in certain circumstances, can be even more accurate than more complex methods of problem-solving (Hozjan, 2012). The problem-solving methods provide the mechanisms for converting knowledge into behaviour, including cognitive behaviour (Anderson, 1993). Coming from that, if we provide lessons that require problem-solving activation, or in other words – if we teach problem-solving skills, we teach pupils how to behave in specific circumstances. By showing them relatable circumstances, we take a step further, to achieve the main goal of problem-solving education –that pupils will eventually be capable of independently solve problems they will face during their lifetime.

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