31 What so often counts most in schools is the important but incomplete cognitive resource of knowledge. Fixed knowledge and algorithms are easier to teach, learn, and test than is the tangled web of processes that make up problem solving. Typically, it is not before graduate school that problem solving really becomes the focus of an educational program. Even in graduate school a student may not get to wrestle with the true problems of a field of study until the dissertation (Martinez, 1998). One of the subjects, responsible for developing problem-solving skills within the education system, is mathematics. Pupils should develop divergent thinking skills and mathematics teachers should teach them exactly that. The goal is not only to show pupils the way to solve problems, but to encourage and activate them to think also about the possibilities of the way or ways themselves: in this way the whole brain of pupils is activated and they don’t simply follow the instructions. As a matter, following the instructions and getting the result or salvation can certainly provide a sort of level of satisfaction among pupils but it does not necessarily guarantee a long-term understanding and the ability to reflect this sort of brain engagement in other life situations. On the contrary, when the pupil activates the whole brain by thinking about how he or she can come to a certain solution, the experience is stronger, the understanding of the problem deeper and the possibility to transfer the gained skill to other life situations increases. By setting the scenario of the problem (or issue) in a situation that is familiar to the pupil in the first place, intrinsic motivation for activation is higher, they engage themselves in experience, activate their brain in a thinking process and lead themselves toward the solution. CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING Creative Problem Solving is a way of thinking and behaving. CREATIVE – an idea that has an element of newness or uniqueness, at least to the one who creates the solution, and also has value and relevance. PROBLEM – any situation that presents a challenge, an opportunity, or is a concern. SOLVING – devising ways to answer, to meet, or to resolve the problem. CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING or CPS is a process, method, or system for approaching a problem in an imaginative way and resulting in effective action (Mitchell & Kowalik, 1999). One of the most important processes, which explains the creative problem solving process, is the Osborn-Parnes creative problem solving process. Osborn-Parnes Creative solving process is classified as following phases: 1. Finding an object which is the phase of defining the area of the problem. 2. Finding the reality, which is the phase of obtaining data. 3. Finding the problem, which is the phase of defining the problem accurately. 4. Finding ideas, which is the phase of generalising the solutions in the problem, 5. Finding the solution which is the phase of assessing all the possible
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